AllMyCalculators

Thermal Expansion Calculator

Works out how much things grow when they warm up.

× 10⁻⁶ /K

Linear for solids: steel about 12, copper 17, aluminium 23. Volume for liquids: water about 210 near 20 °C, and petrol about 950. Negative if it shrinks as it warms, as carbon fibre does along its length.

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The formula

ΔL = α L ΔT ΔV = β V ΔT, with β ≈ 3α for a solid

α is the linear coefficient and β the volume one. Enter α for a solid, or β for a liquid.

What to watch out for

It is why bridges have expansion joints, and why heating systems need an expansion vessel.

Frequently Asked Questions

How much does 10 m of steel grow over a 40 °C rise?

4.8 mm.

How much does 50 L of petrol expand over 20 °C?

About 0.95 L.