Spearman Rank Correlation Calculator
Measures how well one variable’s order follows another’s, even when the relationship is curved.
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The formula
ρ = Pearson’s r applied to the ranks
Tied values each take the mean of the ranks they span. The shorter formula 1 − 6Σd²/(n(n² − 1)) is only exact when there are no ties, so it is not used here.
What to watch out for
Because it uses ranks, it detects any steady rise or fall, curved or not, and extreme values have little pull. It suits data on an ordered scale, such as ratings.
Frequently Asked Questions
How are ties handled?
Tied values get the mean of their ranks. For 5, 6, 7, 8, 7, the two 7s share rank 3.5.
What is a worked example?
For X = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and Y = 5, 6, 7, 8, 7, rho = 0.8208.
When should I use Spearman instead of Pearson?
When the data is ranked, the relationship is curved but steady, or there are outliers.